Events such as vehicular crashes, breakdowns, and debris in travel lanes are the most common form of incidents. Traffic Incidents – Are events that disrupt the normal flow of traffic, usually by physical impedance in the travel lanes.5 These "seven sources" can be grouped into three broad categories, as shown below: Category 1 - Traffic-Influencing Events Previous work has shown that congestion is the result of seven root causes, often interacting with one another. 2.2ĜAUSES OF CONGESTION AND UNRELIABLE TRAVEL 2.2.1 Background: The Seven Sources of Congestion The rest of this chapter is devoted to describing congestion and how we measure it, as well as its causes and consequences. Congestion often means stopped or stop-and-go traffic. In the transportation realm, congestion usually relates to an excess of vehicles on a portion of roadway at a particular time resulting in speeds that are slower-sometimes much slower-than normal or "free flow" speeds. The definitions of the term congestion mention such words as "clog," "impede," and "excessive fullness." For anyone who has ever sat in congested traffic, those words should sound familiar. Trends and Advanced Strategies for Congestion MitigationĢ.0 The Nature of Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Causes, How They Are Measured, and Why They Matter 2.1 WHAT IS CONGESTION?Ĭongestion is relatively easy to recognize-roads filled with cars, trucks, and buses, sidewalks filled with pedestrians. Final report Traffic Congestion and Reliability:
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